An ice rise is a clearly defined elevation of the otherwise very much flatter

ice shelf An ice shelf is a large floating platform of ice that forms where a glacier or ice sheet flows down to a coastline and onto the ocean surface. Ice shelves are only found in Antarctica, Greenland, Northern Canada, and the Russian Arctic. The b ...

, typically dome-shaped and rising several hundreds of metres above the surrounding ice shelf . An ice rise forms where the ice shelf touches the

seabed The seabed (also known as the seafloor, sea floor, ocean floor, and ocean bottom) is the bottom of the ocean. All floors of the ocean are known as 'seabeds'. The structure of the seabed of the global ocean is governed by plate tectonics. Most of ...

due to a locally increased elevation of the seabed, which however remains below sea level. (In contrast, an elevation in the seabed that extends above sea level is defined as an

island An island (or isle) is an isolated piece of habitat that is surrounded by a dramatically different habitat, such as water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, skerries, cays or keys. An island ...

). The ice shelf flows over the seabed elevation, completely covering it with ice, thereby forming an ice rise. The resulting stress increases cause

crevasse A crevasse is a deep crack, that forms in a glacier or ice sheet that can be a few inches across to over 40 feet. Crevasses form as a result of the movement and resulting stress associated with the shear stress generated when two semi-rigid pie ...

formation around the ice rise. An island within and totally covered by the ice shelf may appear the same as an ice rise. Elaborate measurements may be required to distinguish between these two geographic features. Although ice rises are typically located within the ice shelf area, they can partially face the open sea. At present, ice rises are found only within the ice shelves of

Antarctica Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean, it contains the geographic South Pole. Antarctica is the fifth-largest contine ...

. The largest ice rises exceed dimensions of 50 by 200 km, or 10 000 km² in area. Some ice rises are incorrectly called islands, but also a few totally ice-covered islands within an ice shelf are also called ice rises. Ice rises are of scientific significance because they (a) exert considerable buttressing, which affects the existence and rate of the

marine ice sheet instability Marine ice sheet instability (MISI) describes the potential for ice sheets grounded below sea level to destabilize in a runaway fashion. The mechanism was first proposed in the 1970s by Johannes Weertman and was quickly identified as a means by whi ...

; and (b) they are very good sites for ice coring, owing to their being somewhat thinner than the main ice-sheet (hundreds of metres compared with thousands of metres). Ice rises, grouped by ice shelf, clockwise starting in

East Antarctica East Antarctica, also called Greater Antarctica, constitutes the majority (two-thirds) of the Antarctic continent, lying on the Indian Ocean side of the continent, separated from West Antarctica by the Transantarctic Mountains. It lies almost ...

: *

Brunt Ice Shelf The Brunt Ice Shelf borders the Antarctic coast of Coats Land between Dawson-Lambton Glacier and Stancomb-Wills Glacier Tongue. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-names Committee after David Brunt, British meteorologist, Physical Secretary ...

** McDonald Ice Rumples *

Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf is an ice shelf about 250 miles (400 km) long on the coast of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica, extending from Cape Norvegia in the north to Lyddan Island and Stancomb-Wills Glacier in the south. Discovery and n ...

** Lyddan Island *

King Baudouin Ice Shelf The King Baudouin Ice Shelf (also called Roi Baudouin Ice shelf, from French: Plateforme de glace Roi Baudouin) in Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica, is within the Norwegian part of Antarctica. It is named after King Baudouin of Belgium (1930 ...

Derwael Ice Rise Derwael Ice Rise is 40 km long, 35 km wide and about 400 m tall ice rise in ice shelf off Princess Ragnhild Coast, Antarctica Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of ...

* Amery Ice Shelf ** Budd Ice Rumples ** IR1 to IR5 near the ice front *

Shackleton Ice Shelf Shackleton Ice Shelf is an extensive ice shelf fronting the coast of East Antarctica from 95° E to 105° E. It extends for an along-shore distance of about , projecting seaward about in the western portion and in the east. It occu ...

Green Ice Rises The Green Ice Rises () are a local swelling of the Antarctic ice surface east of Henderson Island, where the Shackleton Ice Shelf overrides an underlying obstruction. The feature was mapped by G.D. Blodgett (1955) from aerial photography taken b ...

(the northernmost ice rise, at 66°21'S) **

Harrisson Ice Rises The Harrisson Ice Rises () are a local swelling of the ice surface west-southwest of Henderson Island, Antarctica, where the Shackleton Ice Shelf overrides an underlying obstruction. The feature was discovered by the Eastern Sledge Party of the Au ...

Ross Ice Shelf The Ross Ice Shelf is the largest ice shelf of Antarctica (, an area of roughly and about across: about the size of France). It is several hundred metres thick. The nearly vertical ice front to the open sea is more than long, and between hi ...

Crary Ice Rise Crary Ice Rise is an Antarctic ice rise in the south-central part of the Ross Ice Shelf. At 82°56'S, it is the southernmost ice rise. The feature was investigated by the USARP Ross Ice Shelf Project in the 1970s. The name came into use among USAR ...

(the southernmost ice rise, at 82°56'S) **

Roosevelt Island Roosevelt Island is an island in New York City's East River, within the borough of Manhattan. It lies between Manhattan Island to the west, and the borough of Queens, on Long Island, to the east. Running from the equivalent of East 46th to 85 ...

* Crosson Ice Shelf **

Davis Ice Rise Davis Ice Rise () is an ice rise, long, near the terminus of Smith Glacier, southeast of Mayo Peak, Bear Peninsula, on the Walgreen Coast, Marie Byrd Land. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from U.S. Navy aerial photographs take ...

Bach Ice Shelf The Bach Ice Shelf () is an ice shelf which is irregular in shape and in extent, occupying an embayment in the south part of Alexander Island entered between Berlioz Point and Rossini Point. The ice shelf supports the south face of the Beeth ...

Burgess Ice Rise Burgess Ice Rise () is a small ice rise lying within the Wilkins Ice Shelf, off the west coast of Alexander Island, Antarctica. It was mapped from the air on a radio echo sounding flight by the British Antarctic Survey on 11 February 1967, and lat ...

** Dvořák Ice Rise ** Ives Ice Rise ** Landy Ice Rises *

George VI Ice Shelf The George VI Ice Shelf () is an extensive ice shelf that occupies George VI Sound which separates Alexander Island from Palmer Land in Antarctica. The ice shelf extends from Ronne Entrance, at the southwest end of the sound, to Niznik Island ...

** Martin Ice Rise *

Wilkins Ice Shelf Wilkins or Wilkin is a name variant of William, and may refer to: People Given name: Wilkin * Wilkins (singer) (Germán Wilkins Vélez Ramírez, born 1953), Puerto Rican pop music singer and composer * Wilkin Castillo (born 1984), Dominican b ...

** Petrie Ice Rises ** Schaus Ice Rises ** Vere Ice Rise * Wordie Ice Shelf ** Coker Ice Rise ** Linchpin Ice Rise ** Miller Ice Rise ** Napier Ice Rise ** Reynolds Ice Rise ** Wade Ice Rise * Müller Ice Shelf ** Humphreys Ice Rise * Larsen-C Ice Shelf ** Bawden Ice Rise ** Gipps Ice Rise ** Tharp Ice Rise * Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf ** Belgrano II **

Berkner Island Berkner Island (also known as the Berkner Ice Rise or as Hubley Island) is an Antarctic ice rise, where bedrock below sea level has caused the surrounding ice sheet to create a dome. If the ice cap were removed, the island would be underwater. B ...

** Bungenstock Ice Rise ** Doake Ice Rumples **

Dott Ice Rise The Barrett Nunataks () are a group of nunataks located on the east side of the Dott Ice Rise overlooking Constellation Inlet, in the Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains. They were named by the University of Minnesota Ellsworth Mountains Party, 196 ...

Fletcher Ice Rise Fletcher Ice Rise (), or Fletcher Promontory, is a large ice rise, long and wide, at the southwest side of the Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica. The feature is completely ice covered and rises between Rutford Ice Stream and Carlson Inlet. The ice rise ...

** Fowler Ice Rise **

Hemmen Ice Rise Hemmen Ice Rise () is an ice rise long and wide, with an estimated area of , located off the northwest corner of Berkner Island in the Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica. The feature appears for the first time on a chart prepared at Ellsworth Station i ...

** Henry Ice Rise ** Kealey Ice Rise ** Kershaw Ice Rumples ** Korff Ice Rise **

Skytrain Ice Rise Skytrain Ice Rise () is a large, flattish, peninsula-like ice rise of about 50 miles extent, extending from the vicinity of Meyer Hills in the Heritage Range eastward into the Ronne Ice Shelf of Antarctica. It was mapped by United States Geologic ...

Henry and Korff Ice Rises are the largest ice rises, with areas of roughly 1 500 to 1 600 km².

References

External links

Definition
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ice Rise

Rise Rise or RISE may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Fictional entities * '' Rise: The Vieneo Province'', an internet-based virtual world * Rise FM, a fictional radio station in the video game ''Grand Theft Auto 3'' * Rise Kujikawa, a vide ...

Antarctica-related lists Ice rise